Context The use of unidimensional pain scales such as the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS),
Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), or Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is recommended for …

Posterior malleolar fractures are relatively common and usually result from rotational ankle
injuries. Although treatment of associated lateral and medial structures is well established …

Aim. To evaluate the effect of bed rest with music on relaxation for patients who have
undergone heart surgery on postoperative day one. Background. Music intervention has …

Objective To examine the development of persistent pain after treatment for breast cancer
and to examine risk factors associated with continuing pain. Design Repeated cross …

Introduction: Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee have quadriceps weakness and
arthrogenous muscle inhibition (AMI). While total knee arthroplasty (TKA) reliably reduces …

Study Design. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Objective. To determine
the efficacy and adverse effects of conservative treatments for people who have lumbar disc …

SummaryBackground and objectives: This randomized controlled trial was designed to
evaluate, first, whether intra-or postoperative music therapy could influence stress and …

Background. Population-based studies suggest that prevalence of chronic pain is
increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of chronic pain in a …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of bed rest with music on the first postoperative day to
decrease stress for patients who have undergone heart surgery. METHODS: A repeated …

Objectives Preclinical studies have suggested that the mechanism of the analgesic action of
acetaminophen (INN, paracetamol) is linked to the serotonergic system and that it is …