In the last two decades, considerable interest has been shown in understanding the
development of the gut microbiota and its internal and external effects on the intestine, as …

Oxidative stress and inflammation interact in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis.
Intracellular hyperglycemia promotes production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are major causes of death worldwide. Recently, new roles
for intestinal microbiota in pathology and treatment of CVD have been proposed. Butyrate, a …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain disease and is the most common
form of dementia. In recent years, many studies indicated the association of gut microbiota …

The human gut is heavily colonized by a community of microbiota, primarily bacteria, that
exists in a symbiotic relationship with the host and plays a critical role in maintaining host …

Gut bacteria play an important role in several metabolic processes and human diseases,
such as obesity and accompanying co-morbidities, such as fatty liver disease, insulin …

Obesity is defined as excessive body fat accumulation, and worldwide obesity has nearly
tripled since 1975. Excess of free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides in obese individuals …

HIV-1 infection is associated with substantial damage to the gastrointestinal tract resulting in
structural impairment of the epithelial barrier and a disruption of intestinal homeostasis. The …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The human body is
populated by a diverse community of microbes, dominated by bacteria, but also including …

Menopause in human females and subsequent ovarian hormone deficiency, particularly
concerning 17β-estradiol (E2), increase the risk for metabolic dysfunctions associated with …