Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized
by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) …

Increasing evidence suggests that renal inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis and
progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and that anti-inflammatory therapies might …

Significance: Intrarenal oxidative stress plays a critical role in the initiation and progression
of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Enhanced oxidative stress results from overproduction of …

One of the most frequent complications in patients with diabetes mellitus is diabetic
nephropathy (DN). At present, it constitutes the first cause of end stage renal disease, and …

Pyroptosis is one special type of lytic programmed cell death, featured in cell swelling,
rupture, secretion of cell contents and remarkable proinflammation effect. In the process of …

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is established to be involved in the pathogenesis of
diabetic nephropathy. The diabetic milieu enhances oxidative stress and induces the …

Kidney tubular epithelial cells (TECs) have a crucial role in the damage and repair response
to acute and chronic injury. To adequately respond to constant changes in the environment …

Trauma is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world. Multiple trauma or
isolated traumatic brain injury are both indicative of human tissue damage. In the early …

Intravascular hemolysis, or the destruction of red blood cells in the circulation, can occur in
numerous diseases, including the acquired hemolytic anemias, sickle cell disease and β …

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including insulin
resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and hypertension, which may also foster development of …