Of all electrons, runaway electrons have long been recognized in the fusion community as a
distinctive population. They now attract special attention as a part of ITER mission …

The thermal and electromagnetic loads related to disruptions in ITER are substantial and
require careful design of tokamak components to ensure they reach the projected lifetime …

In ITER, as in any tokamak, the first wall and divertor plasma-facing components (PFC) must
provide adequate protection of in-vessel structures, sufficient heat exhaust capability and be …

Tokamaks are the most promising way for nuclear fusion reactors. Disruption in tokamaks is
a violent event that terminates a confined plasma and causes unacceptable damage to the …

Abstract Since the 2012 International Atomic Energy Agency Fusion Energy Conference
(IAEA-FEC), significant advances in both physics and technology has been made on the …

A self-consistent analysis of the relevant physics regarding the formation and termination of
runaway beams during mitigated disruptions by Ar and Ne injection is presented for selected …

Theoretical guidance is needed on two disruption questions:(1) When is a tokamak
operating in a metastable state in which loss of control is credible (avoidance question)?(2) …

Disruption mitigation is mandatory for ITER in order to reduce forces, to mitigate heat loads
during the thermal quench and to avoid runaway electrons (REs). A fast disruption mitigation …

Fusion power could be one of very few sustainable options to replace fossil fuels as the
world's primary energy source. Fusion offers the potential of predictable, safe power with no …

Shattered pellet injection (SPI) is one of the prime candidates for the ITER disruption
mitigation system because of its deeper penetration and larger particle flux than massive …