Respiratory muscle ultrasound is used to evaluate the anatomy and function of the
respiratory muscle pump. It is a safe, repeatable, accurate, and non-invasive bedside …

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and
Emergency Medicine 2020. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www …

Rationale: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and helmet noninvasive ventilation (NIV) are
used for the management of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Objectives: Physiological …

Introduction This narrative review summarizes current knowledge on the physiology and
pathophysiology of expiratory muscle function in ICU patients, as shared by academic …

There is a well-recognised importance for personalising mechanical ventilation settings to
protect the lungs and the diaphragm for each individual patient. Measurement of …

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is routinely applied in mechanically ventilated
patients to improve gas exchange and respiratory mechanics by increasing end-expiratory …

Background The lateral abdominal wall muscles are recruited with active expiration, as may
occur with high breathing effort, inspiratory muscle weakness, or pulmonary hyperinflation …

Introduction Multiple studies have shown that diaphragmatic ultrasound can better predict
the outcome of weaning in adults. However, there are few studies focusing on children …

Background During control mechanical ventilation (CMV), the driving pressure of the
respiratory system (Δ P rs) serves as a surrogate of transpulmonary driving pressure (Δ P …

Available techniques provide reliable measures of the intensity and timing of drive and effort.
Simple, noninvasive techniques might be implemented in most patients and the more …