Greenhouse gas emissions associated with power generation from fossil fuel combustion
account for 25% of global emissions and, thus, contribute greatly to climate change …

Membranes, as the primary separation element of membrane-based processes, have
greatly attracted the attention of researchers in several water treatment applications …

Abstract Layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly is a versatile technology with the ability to produce
charged thin film active layers by absorbing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes or …

Nanocomposites are now commonly employed to augment the standard polymeric
membrane materials that are used in water treatment processes. A number of different …

Water scarcity at global level has called for attentions to establish new and innovative
technologies that can be tapped to provide sustainable solutions to water crisis. Membrane …

Growing requirements of freshwater and unsustainable nature of fossil fuels are driving the
interest in using renewable energy for desalination applications. Due to their less energy …

Combining two solutions of different composition releases the Gibbs free energy of mixing.
By using engineered processes to control the mixing, chemical energy stored in salinity …

The use of membrane-based technologies has been applied for water treatment
applications; however, the limitations of conventional polymeric membranes have led to the …

The application of polymer membranes in wastewater treatment and desalination is
widespread. Nevertheless, the longstanding biofouling issue on membrane surface has …

In the past decades, novel materials (eg, aquaporin proteins, carbon nanotubes,
nanoporous graphene and graphene oxide) have emerged as promising candidates for …