Enhancing skeletal muscle growth is crucial for animal agriculture because skeletal muscle
provides meat for human consumption. An increasing body of evidence shows that the level …

The type 2 diabetes epidemic and one of its predisposing factors, obesity, are major
influences on global health and economic burden. It is accepted that genetics and the …

It has long been understood that the pathogenesis of complex diseases such as diabetes
includes both genetic and environmental components. More recently, it has become clear …

Strong evidence suggests that early-life exposures to suboptimal environmental factors,
including those in utero, influence our long-term metabolic health. This has been termed …

There are many instances in life when the environment plays a critical role in the health
outcomes of an individual, yet none more so than those experienced in fetal and neonatal …

There is considerable evidence for induction of differential risk of noncommunicable
diseases in humans by variation in the quality of the early life environment. Studies in animal …

Epigenetic changes are caused by biochemical regulators of gene expression that can be
transferred across generations or through cell division. Epigenetic modifications can arise …

Extensive epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates that a sub‐optimal
environment during fetal and neonatal development in both humans and animals may …

Variation in the quality or quantity of nutrients consumed during pregnancy can exert
permanent and powerful effects upon the developing fetus. This programming of fetal …

Compelling epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates that a suboptimal
environment during fetal and neonatal development in both humans and animals may …