Large language models in medicine

AJ Thirunavukarasu, DSJ Ting, K Elangovan… - Nature medicine, 2023 - nature.com
Large language models (LLMs) can respond to free-text queries without being specifically
trained in the task in question, causing excitement and concern about their use in healthcare …

Chatbots and large language models in radiology: a practical primer for clinical and research applications

R Bhayana - Radiology, 2024 - pubs.rsna.org
Although chatbots have existed for decades, the emergence of transformer-based large
language models (LLMs) has captivated the world through the most recent wave of artificial …

MedAlpaca--an open-source collection of medical conversational AI models and training data

T Han, LC Adams, JM Papaioannou… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2023 - arxiv.org
As large language models (LLMs) like OpenAI's GPT series continue to make strides, we
witness the emergence of artificial intelligence applications in an ever-expanding range of …

Potential of ChatGPT and GPT-4 for data mining of free-text CT reports on lung cancer

MA Fink, A Bischoff, CA Fink, M Moll, J Kroschke… - Radiology, 2023 - pubs.rsna.org
Background The latest large language models (LLMs) solve unseen problems via user-
defined text prompts without the need for retraining, offering potentially more efficient …

Exploring the potential of GPT-4 in biomedical engineering: the dawn of a new era

K Cheng, Q Guo, Y He, Y Lu, S Gu, H Wu - Annals of Biomedical …, 2023 - Springer
Biomedical engineering is a relatively young interdisciplinary field based on engineering,
biology, and medicine. Of note, the rapid progress of artificial intelligence (AI)-based …

CORAL: expert-curated oncology reports to advance language model inference

M Sushil, VE Kennedy, D Mandair, BY Miao, T Zack… - NEJM AI, 2024 - ai.nejm.org
Background Both medical care and observational studies in oncology require a thorough
understanding of a patient's disease progression and treatment history, often elaborately …

Large language models for structured reporting in radiology: performance of GPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, Perplexity and Bing

CA Mallio, AC Sertorio, C Bernetti… - La radiologia medica, 2023 - Springer
Structured reporting may improve the radiological workflow and communication among
physicians. Artificial intelligence applications in medicine are growing fast. Large language …

The potential of GPT-4 as an AI-powered virtual assistant for surgeons specialized in joint arthroplasty

K Cheng, Z Li, C Li, R Xie, Q Guo, Y He… - Annals of Biomedical …, 2023 - Springer
The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) offers unprecedented opportunities for joint
arthroplasty surgery. Notably, on 14th March, 2023, the OpenAI company officially launched …

Feasibility of differential diagnosis based on imaging patterns using a large language model

J Kottlors, G Bratke, P Rauen, C Kabbasch, T Persigehl… - Radiology, 2023 - pubs.rsna.org
Feasibility of Differential Diagnosis Based on Imaging Patterns Using a Large Language Model
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Feasibility of using the privacy-preserving large language model Vicuna for labeling radiology reports

P Mukherjee, B Hou, RB Lanfredi, RM Summers - Radiology, 2023 - pubs.rsna.org
Background Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, though proficient in many
text-based tasks, are not suitable for use with radiology reports due to patient privacy …