Highlights•Nutrient enrichment negatively affects coral physiology and ecosystem
functioning.•Integrative model of reef survival in dependence of direct and indirect nutrient …

This paper reviews and evaluates the current state of knowledge on the direct effects of
terrestrial runoff on (1) the growth and survival of hard coral colonies,(2) coral reproduction …

Despite the wide range of functional roles performed by marine sponges they are still poorly
represented in many research, monitoring and conservation programmes. The aim of this …

Degradation of coral reefs is often associated with changes in community structure where
macroalgae become the dominant benthic life form. These phase shifts can be difficult to …

Recreational diving and snorkeling on coral reefs is one of the fastest growing tourism
sectors globally. Damage associated with intensive recreational tourist use has been …

Bioerosion, involving the weakening and breakdown of calcareous coral reef structures, is
due to the chemical and mechanical activities of numerous and diverse biotic agents. These …

Coral reefs face multiple anthropogenic threats, from pollution and overfishing to the dual
effects of greenhouse gas emissions: rising sea temperature and ocean acidification [1] …

Coral communities are changing rapidly worldwide through loss of coral cover and shifts in
species composition. Although many reef-building corals are likely to decline, some weedy …

Species-area curves calculated from line-intercept transect surveys on 15 reefs in three
regions of Indonesia allow estimation of the relative decrease in within-habitat coral species …

With rubble predicted to increase on coral reefs worldwide, we review the physical,
biological, and ecological dynamics of rubble beds, with a focus on how rubble generation …