The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family consists of four members that
belong to the ErbB lineage of proteins (ErbB1–4). These receptors consist of a glycosylated …

SHP2 (Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2) is a non-
receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase that removes tyrosine phosphorylation. Functionally …

Programmed cell death–1 (PD-1) is a coinhibitory receptor that suppresses T cell activation
and is an important cancer immunotherapy target. Upon activation by its ligand PD-L1, PD-1 …

Natural killer (NK) cells express an array of germ‐line encoded receptors that are capable of
triggering cytotoxicity. NK cells tend to express many members of a given family of signalling …

Despite the popular use of dietary supplements during conventional cancer treatments, their
impacts on the efficacies of prevalent immunotherapies, including immune-checkpoint …

The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein is a major transcription
factor involved in many cellular processes, such as cell growth and proliferation …

Src and Src-family protein-tyrosine kinases are regulatory proteins that play key roles in cell
differentiation, motility, proliferation, and survival. The initially described phosphorylation …

Receptors carrying immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibition motifs (ITIMs) in their
cytoplasmic tail control a vast array of cellular responses, ranging from autoimmunity …

Receptors for immunoglobulin Fc regions play multiple critical roles in the immune system,
mediating functions as diverse as phagocytosis, triggering degranulation of basophils and …

Shp2 is a nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) encoded by the PTPN11 gene. It
is involved in growth factorinduced activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases …