Cells release small, phospholipid membrane-enclosed particles, collectively referred to as
extracellular vesicles (EVs), into their surroundings to enable intercellular communication …

The use of antibiotics has enabled the successful treatment of bacterial infections, saving the
lives and improving the health of many patients worldwide. However, the emergence and …

An effective tumor vaccine vector that can rapidly display neoantigens is urgently needed.
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can strongly activate the innate immune system and are …

Women are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) throughout
life. In addition to their high prevalence in women, STIs have debilitating effects on female …

The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest challenges in public
health. There is an urgent need to discover novel agents against the occurrence of multidrug …

Here we present a protocol for the construction and use of two types of nanocarrier based on
bacterial membrane materials for cancer vaccine delivery. Cancer vaccines induce tumor …

Background Declining antimicrobial susceptibility to current gonorrhoea antibiotic treatment
and inadequate treatment options have raised the possibility of untreatable gonorrhoea …

Importance Approximately 1 in 5 adults in the US had a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in
2018. This review provides an update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of …

Natural, extracellular membrane vesicles secreted by Gram-negative bacteria, outer
membrane vesicles (OMVs), contain numerous pathogen-associated molecular patterns …

While traditional approaches for disease management in the era of modern medicine have
saved countless lives and enhanced patient well‐being, it is clear that there is significant …