[HTML][HTML] The continuous strength method–Review and outlook

L Gardner, X Yun, F Walport - Engineering Structures, 2023 - Elsevier
Abstract The Continuous Strength Method (CSM) is a deformation-based approach to the
design of structures that enables a continuous, rational and accurate allowance for material …

The continuous strength method for structural stainless steel design

S Afshan, L Gardner - Thin-Walled Structures, 2013 - Elsevier
Current stainless steel design standards are based on elastic, perfectly plastic material
behaviour providing consistency with carbon steel design expressions, but often leading to …

Structural response and continuous strength method design of slender stainless steel cross-sections

O Zhao, S Afshan, L Gardner - Engineering Structures, 2017 - Elsevier
In current structural stainless steel design codes, local buckling is accounted for through a
cross-section classification framework, which is based on an elastic, perfectly-plastic …

Structural design of stainless steel concrete filled columns

D Lam, L Gardner - Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2008 - Elsevier
This paper presents the behaviour and design of axially loaded concrete filled stainless
steel circular and square hollow sections. The experimental investigation was conducted …

Elevated temperature material properties of stainless steel alloys

L Gardner, A Insausti, KT Ng, M Ashraf - Journal of Constructional Steel …, 2010 - Elsevier
Appropriate assessment of the fire resistance of structures depends largely on the ability to
accurately predict the material response at elevated temperature. The material …

Evolution of stress–strain models of stainless steel in structural engineering applications

M Dundu - Construction and Building Materials, 2018 - Elsevier
Stainless steel is a family of steel alloys with a minimum of approximately 10.5% mass of
chromium. Unlike carbon steel, it has high corrosion and heat resistant properties. Stainless …

Comparative experimental study of hot-rolled and cold-formed rectangular hollow sections

L Gardner, N Saari, F Wang - Thin-walled structures, 2010 - Elsevier
Square and rectangular hollow sections are generally produced either by hot-rolling or cold-
forming. Cross-sections of nominally similar geometries, but from the two different production …

The continuous strength method

L Gardner - Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers …, 2008 - icevirtuallibrary.com
Many of the principal concepts that underpin current metallic structural design codes were
developed on the basis of bilinear (elastic, perfectly-plastic) material behaviour; such …

Behaviour of structural stainless steel cross-sections under combined loading–Part I: Experimental study

O Zhao, B Rossi, L Gardner, B Young - Engineering Structures, 2015 - Elsevier
Stainless steel has been gaining increasing use in a variety of engineering applications due
to its unique combination of mechanical properties, durability and aesthetics. Significant …

Finite element modelling of structural stainless steel cross-sections

M Ashraf, L Gardner, DA Nethercot - Thin-walled structures, 2006 - Elsevier
Stainless steel's characteristic nonlinear, rounded stress–strain behaviour requires accurate
recognition in numerical modelling. Its response to cold-working is far more pronounced …