Bacteriophages—viruses that infect bacteria—are abundant within our bodies, but their
significance to human health is only beginning to be explored. Here, we synthesize what is …

Subunit vaccines containing one or more target antigens from pathogenic organisms
represent safer alternatives to whole pathogen vaccines. However, the antigens by …

Vaccines represent one of the most successful public health initiatives worldwide. However,
despite the vast number of highly effective vaccines, some infectious diseases still do not …

Because vaccine development is a difficult process, this study reviews aspects of phages as
vaccine delivery vehicles through a literature search. The results demonstrated that because …

Glycoconjugate vaccines have proven their worth in the protection and prevention of
infectious diseases. The introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine is the …

Several studies have shown that epitope vaccines exhibit substantial advantages over
conventional vaccines. However, epitope vaccines are associated with limited immunity …

Arboviruses represent major challenges to public health, particularly in tropical, and
subtropical regions, and a substantial risk to other parts of the world as respective vectors …

Bacteriophages have a wide range of applications such as combating antibiotic resistance,
preventing food contamination for food safety, and as biomarkers to indirectly assess the …

Despite the success of vaccines in preventing many infectious diseases, effective vaccines
against pathogens with ongoing challenges—such as HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis …

Over the past decades, there have been numerous outbreaks, including parasitic, fungal,
bacterial, and viral infections, worldwide. The rate at which infectious diseases are emerging …