Lignin is the second most abundant natural material on the earth. Commercially, it is
generated as a waste product from the paper and ethanol production. The worldwide …

Lignin is a remarkable natural polyphenol that provides trees with physical and (bio-)
chemical resistance, as well as the ability to reach considerable heights. Lignin is also …

The excessive use of petroleum-based non-biodegradable plastic products has resulted in
severe environmental pollution and ecological problems, which has stimulated the …

As fossil fuel resources dwindle and new regulations for a cleaner and safer environment
come on stream, there is growing interest in developing new sustainable feedstocks for …

Electrospinning is a common method for preparing nanomaterials. Among many
electrospinning materials, electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have become one of the …

Biorenewable polymers have emerged as an attractive alternative to conventional metallic
and organic materials for a variety of different applications. This is mainly because of their …

As an aromatic polymer in nature, lignin has recently attracted gross attention because of its
advantages of high carbon content, low cost and bio-renewability. However, most lignin is …

With the arising of global climate change and resource shortage, in recent years, increased
attention has been paid to environmentally friendly materials. Trees are sustainable and …

Graphene fiber (GF) is a macroscopically assembled fibrous material made of individual
units of graphene and its derivatives. Beyond traditional carbon fibers, graphene building …

Carbon fiber is increasingly being utilized as a reinforcing material due to its high strength
and high modulus, which is imparted into the properties of the final composite. A …