How International Law Works presents a theory of international law, how it operates, and
why it works. Though appeals to international law have grown ever more central to …

Private law has long been the focus of efforts to explain wider developments of law in an era
of globalisation. As consumer transactions and corporate activities continue to develop with …

States' efforts to reform the international investment regime have triggered an arbitral
backlash. In response to shortcomings of earlier investment agreements, states concluded a …

Substantive Protection under Investment Treaties provides the first systematic analysis of the
consequences of the substantive protections that investment treaties provide to foreign …

This paper analyzes the contemporary emergence of neo-formalist and neo-functionalist
approaches to law-making at a time when the state is seeking to reassert, reformulate and …

▪ Abstract Individual actors want to make their promises enforceable in order to motivate
mutually profitable investments. But parties cannot easily design contracts that maximize …

The rise of China signals a new chapter in international relations. How China interacts with
the international legal order--namely, how China utilizes international law to facilitate and …

Examining the legal effects of EU concluded treaties, this book provides an analysis of this
increasingly important and rapidly growing area of EU law. The EU has concluded more …

The paper relates to the actual extent of the “margin of appreciation” of national law-making
power in Europe when it takes ethical issues into consideration. This occurs when the use of …

The investment treaty regime is currently going through extensive reform. Driven by a raft of
investor–state dispute settlement cases, states are asking: How should we draft future …