The industrial sector accounts for more than 54% of the total energy produced in the world
with a predicted annual growth of 1.2%. Currently, most of the industrial sectors use fossil …

The increase in energy demand due to population explosion and the recent global
pandemic stressed the need to maximize solar energy harvesting. Nanofluids are used to …

Integrating nanotechnology into phase change materials (PCMs) has emerged as a novel
approach to improving PCM thermal properties and performance in various thermal energy …

Nanofluid is considered to be a new generation heat transfer medium which has attracted
significant attention from the research community for the past two decades due to its …

Nanofluids, due to their superior thermal properties, have immense applications in heat
transfer process. In view of this, nanofluids, as working fluids in solar thermal systems, have …

Nanofluids as a new generation of fluids have attracted a lot of research works. There is
growing evidence that the nanofluids are more suitable for various heat transfer applications …

In the present study, in addition to using nanofluid, the flow direction in a flat plate solar
collector is changed to increase the convective heat transfer coefficient. To this end, U …

Solar energy is the ultimate perceived solution of incessantly proliferating energy crisis.
Diverse range of solar energy conversion systems has been employed to convert solar …

Solar energy systems (SESs) are considered as one of the most important alternatives to
conventional fossil fuels, due to its ability to convert solar energy directly into heat and …

Solar flat plate collectors are devices used to trap solar thermal energy and use it for heating
applications like water heating, room heating and other industrial applications. Flat plate …