In mammals, the neuroendocrine system, which includes the communication between the
hypothalamus and the pituitary, plays a major role in controlling body growth and cellular …

Improving physical function and mobility in a continuously expanding elderly population
emerges as a high priority of medicine today. Muscle mass, strength/power, and maximal …

Appreciation of the role of the gut microbiome in regulating vertebrate metabolism has
exploded recently. However, the effects of gut microbiota on skeletal growth and …

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway consists of multiple IGF ligands, IGF
receptors, and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). Studies in a variety of animal and cellular …

Conditional gene targeting has been extensively used for in vivo analysis of gene function in
adipocyte cell biology but often with debate over the tissue specificity and the efficacy of …

Obesity is a metabolic state generated by the expansion of adipose tissue. Adipose tissue
expansion depends on the interplay between hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and is mainly …

Appropriate balance of T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells maintains immune
tolerance and host defense. Disruption of Th17-Treg cell balance is implicated in a number …

Infections and inflammation can lead to cachexia and wasting of skeletal muscle and fat
tissue by as yet poorly understood mechanisms. We observed that gut colonization of mice …

White adipose tissue is a mesenchymal tissue that begins developing in the fetus.
Classically known for storing the body's fuel reserves, adipose tissue is now recognized as …

The ability to maintain health, or recover to a healthy state after disease, is an active process
involving distinct adaptation mechanisms coordinating interactions between all …