Abstract Introduction Thyroid hormones (THs) are especially important for brain maturation
and development during the fetal period and childhood. Several epidemiological studies …

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is diagnosed when serum thyroid stimulation hormone
(thyrotropin; TSH) levels are above the reference range, accompanied by levels of free …

Objectives: Central hypothyroidism (CeH) is a rare form of hypothyroidism characterized by
insufficient thyroid stimulation due to disturbed pituitary and/or hypothalamic functioning …

Thyroid hormones exert their effects through alpha (TRα1) and beta (TRβ1 and TRβ2)
receptors. Here we describe a child with classic features of hypothyroidism (growth …

BACKGROUND Reference intervals are indispensable in evaluating laboratory test results;
however, appropriately partitioned pediatric reference values are not readily available. The …

The classical dogma states that brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a major role in the
regulation of temperature in neonates. However, although BAT has been studied in infants …

Laboratory tests are essential for the accurate diagnosis and cost-effective monitoring of
thyroid dysfunction. Hormone levels can only confirm a diagnosis when there is a high level …

Background Research relating either prenatal or concurrent measures of phthalate
exposure to thyroid function in preschool children is inconclusive. Methods In a study of …

Context Hyperthyroidism occurs in 1% of neonates born to mothers with active or past
Graves' disease (GD). Current guidelines for the management of GD during pregnancy were …

Background: Disruption of thyroid homeostasis has been indicated in human studies
targeting effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Influence on the maternal thyroid …