Background The focus of biliary dyskinesia (BD) shifted within the last 30 years, moving from
symptoms after cholecystectomy (CCY) to symptoms with morphological normal gallbladder …

Cholecystectomy rates for biliary dyskinesia in children are rising in the United States, but
not in other countries. Biliary dyskinesia is a validated functional gallbladder disorder in …

Background Rates of cholecystectomy for biliary dyskinesia are rising. Our objective was to
identify clinical determinants of symptom improvement in children undergoing …

Ultrasound has been established as a routine work-up imaging method in abdominal
diseases. It assesses the morphology of intra-abdominal organs and depicts the normal and …

Introduction The diagnosis and management of biliary dyskinesia in children and
adolescents remains variable and controversial. The American Pediatric Surgical …

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is increasingly performed in the pediatric population.
Biliary dyskinesia (BD) is largely responsible for this increase and is presently the most …

Background Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is characterized by skin pruritus,
elevated liver enzymes, and increased serum total bile acids. Several previous studies have …

Objective Fatty meal cholescintigraphy (fatty meal CS) is a potential physiologic alternative
for cholecystokinin (CCK) CS in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic acalculous …

METHODS Three cases of CESD were retrospectively identified from the Paediatric Liver
Unit database. The diagnosis of CESD was made in all children by showing decreased …

Introduction Gallbladder contractility helps clinicians assess morbidity and the presence of
some hepatobiliary diseases. No such study to the best of knowledge has been conducted …