The radiation from stars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) creates photodissociation regions
(PDRs) and X-ray-dominated regions (XDRs), where the chemistry or heating is dominated …

We analyze HCN and HNC emission in the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 to investigate
its effectiveness in tracing heating processes associated with star formation. This study uses …

Determining the atomic and molecular content of the interstellar medium (ISM) is of
fundamental importance to understand the star-formation process. Although there exist …

Context. Some luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) host
extremely compact (r< 100 pc) and dusty nuclei. The high extinction associated with large …

Context. The interstellar medium is the locus of physical processes affecting the evolution of
galaxies which drive or are the result of star formation activity, supermassive black hole …

The center of the nearby galaxy NGC 253 hosts a population of more than a dozen super
star clusters (SSCs) that are still in the process of forming. The majority of the star formation …

Context. Observations of chemical species can provide insights into the physical conditions
of the emitting gas however it is important to understand how their abundances and …

Context. Molecular line ratios, such as HCN (1− 0)/HCO+(1− 0) and HCN (4− 3)/CS (7− 6),
are routinely used to identify active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity in galaxies. Such ratios are …

Molecular abundances are sensitive to the UV photon flux and cosmic-ray ionization rate. In
starburst environments, the effects of high-energy photons and particles are expected to be …

Young massive clusters play an important role in the evolution of their host galaxies, and
feedback from the high-mass stars in these clusters can have profound effects on the …