The discovery that transient elevations of calcium concentration occur in astrocytes, and
release'gliotransmitters' which act on neurons and vascular smooth muscle, led to the idea …

Neuronal networks are capable of undergoing rapid structural and functional changes called
plasticity, which are essential for shaping circuit function during nervous system …

Müller cells, the major type of glial cells in the retina, are responsible for the homeostatic and
metabolic support of retinal neurons. By mediating transcellular ion, water, and bicarbonate …

The derivation of astrocytes from human pluripotent stem cells is currently slow and
inefficient. We demonstrate that overexpression of the transcription factors SOX9 and NFIB …

Recent advancements in morphology control and surface functionalization of mesoporous
silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have enhanced the biocompatibility of these materials with high …

An MCM-41 type mesoporous silica nanosphere-based (MSN) controlled-release delivery
system has been synthesized and characterized using surface-derivatized cadmium sulfide …

This review is focused on purinergic neurotransmission, ie, ATP released from nerves as a
transmitter or cotransmitter to act as an extracellular signaling molecule on both pre-and …

Glial cells are emerging from the background to become more prominent in our thinking
about integration in the nervous system. Given that glial cells associated with synapses …

Virtually all pathogenic stimuli activate Müller cells. Reactive Müller cells exert protective
and toxic effects on photoreceptors and neurons. They contribute to oxidative stress and …

To a certain extent, all cellular, physiological, and pathological phenomena that occur in
cells are accompanied by ionic changes. The development of techniques allowing the …