In 1929 Drury and Szent-Györgyi published a seminal paper describing the potent actions of
adenine compounds. Some decades later, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) was proposed …

The concept of a purinergic signaling system, using purine nucleotides and nucleosides as
extracellular messengers, was first proposed over 30 years ago. After a brief introduction …

Receptors for extracellular nucleotides are widely expressed by mammalian cells. They
mediate a large array of responses ranging from growth stimulation to apoptosis, from …

While there were early papers about the extracellular actions of purines, the role of ATP as a
purinergic neurotransmitter in nonadrenergic, noncholinergic nerves in the gut and bladder …

Purine nucleotides are well established as extracellular signaling molecules. P2X7
receptors (P2X7Rs) are members of the family of ionotropic ATP-gated receptors. Their …

Adenosine (Ado) is a well-studied neurotransmitter, but it also exerts profound immune
regulatory functions. Ado can (i) actively be released by various cells into the tissue …

Plasma membrane hemichannels composed of connexin (Cx) proteins are essential
components of gap junction channels but accumulating evidence suggests functions of …

Seven P2X receptor subunits have been cloned which form functional homo-and
heterotrimers. These are cation-selective channels, equally permeable to Na+ and K+ and …

Purinergic signalling has been implicated in many biological processes, and ATP and other
extracellular nucleotides might have therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer by …

The purinergic signalling system, which uses purines and pyrimidines as chemical
transmitters, and purinoceptors as effectors, is deeply rooted in evolution and development …