The pathophysiologic process of local tumor spread is regarded as an isotropic infiltration of
microscopic extensions of the malignant lesion irrespective of tissue boundaries. By …

International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, which is the
fundamentally important cancer staging system for cervical cancer, has changed in 2018 …

OBJECTIVE: In cervical cancer lymph node dissection is applied for regional tumor staging.
Up to now, the use of (chemo) radiation in the nodal positive patient has prevented the exact …

The ontogenetic theory of locoregional cancer spread regards cancer as a clinical
manifestation of the pathological reactivation and maintenance of the sequential …

Background Our previous work provided evidence that early cervical cancer is locally
confined to the Müllerian compartment that develops in women from the embryonic …

OBJECTIVE: Current local treatment of vulvar cancer is wide tumor excision and radical
vulvectomy based on functional anatomy established from the adult and on the view of radial …

Objective To examine characteristics and survival outcomes of women with surgically-
treated cervical cancer exhibiting uterine corpus tumor invasion. Methods We utilized The …

Purpose To assess disease response along the parametrial space according to tumor
morphology in patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) …

Background Radical hysterectomy has been developed as a standard treatment in Stage I
and II cervical cancers with and without adjuvant therapy. However, there have been several …

Objective To analyze the feasibility of total mesometrial resection by laparoscopy (L-TMMR)
in a multicentric series of early stage cervical cancer. Method We prospectively evaluated a …