Two-component systems (TCS) comprising sensor histidine kinases and response regulator
proteins are among the most important players in bacterial and archaeal signal transduction …

▪ Abstract Most prokaryotic signal-transduction systems and a few eukaryotic pathways use
phosphotransfer schemes involving two conserved components, a histidine protein kinase …

Bacteria must be able to respond to a changing environment, and one way to respond is to
move. The transduction of sensory signals alters the concentration of small phosphorylated …

Phosphotransfer-mediated signaling pathways allow cells to sense and respond to
environmental stimuli. Autophosphorylating histidine protein kinases provide phosphoryl …

The σS (RpoS) subunit of RNA polymerase is the master regulator of the general stress
response in Escherichia coli and related bacteria. While rapidly growing cells contain very …

Posttranslational modification by phosphorylation is a ubiquitous regulatory mechanism in
both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Intracellular phosphorylation by protein kinases, triggered …

The molecular machinery that controls chemotaxis in bacteria is substantially more complex
than any other signal transduction system in prokaryotes, and its origins and variability …

CheY-like phosphoacceptor (or receiver [REC]) domain is a common module in a variety of
response regulators of the bacterial signal transduction systems. In this work, 4,610 …

Recent discoveries suggest that a novel second messenger, bis-(3′→ 5′)-cyclic di-GMP
(c-diGMP), is extensively used by bacteria to control multicellular behavior. Condensation of …

Response regulators (RRs) within two-component signal transduction systems control a
variety of cellular processes. Most RRs contain DNA-binding output domains and serve as …