The results of many medical measurements are directly or indirectly influenced by the
autonomic nervous system (ANS). For example pupil size or heart rate may demonstrate …

Cnidarians are the oldest extant lineage of venomous animals. Despite their simple
anatomy, they are capable of subduing or repelling prey and predator species that are far …

Stony corals are colonial cnidarians that sustain the most biodiverse marine ecosystems on
Earth: coral reefs. Despite their ecological importance, little is known about the cell types …

There is currently little information about the evolution of gene clusters, genome
architectures and karyotypes in early branching animals. Slowly evolving anthozoan …

How does neural activity drive muscles to produce behavior? The recent development of
genetic lines in Hydra that allow complete calcium imaging of both neuronal and muscle …

To understand the emergent properties of neural circuits, it would be ideal to record the
activity of every neuron in a behaving animal and decode how it relates to behavior. We …

Hox genes encode conserved developmental transcription factors that govern anterior-
posterior (AP) pattering in diverse bilaterian animals, which display bilateral symmetry …

The Cnidaria phylum includes organisms that are among the most venomous animals. The
Anthozoa class includes sea anemones, hard corals, soft corals and sea pens. The …

The vast majority of research on nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) signaling in the past 25 years has
focused on its roles in normal and disease‐related processes in vertebrates, especially mice …

Wnt genes are important regulators of embryogenesis and cell differentiation in vertebrates
and insects. New data revealed by comparative genomics have now shown that members of …