Diabetes is accompanied by several complications. Higher prevalence of cancers,
cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, osteoporosis, and …

Abstract Background Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) leads to a debilitating
chronic pain condition. The lack of cause, etiology, and treatment for CRPS has been widely …

Metformin (biguanide) is a drug widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This drug
has been used for 60 years as a highly effective antihyperglycemic agent. The search for the …

Purpose Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly prevalent form of autoimmune disease that
affects nearly 1% of the global population by causing severe cartilage damage and …

Osteoarthritis is a chronic and irreversible disease of the locomotor system which is closely
associated with advancing age. Pain and limited mobility frequently affect the quality of life in …

Common cancer complications include bone cancer pain (BCP), which was not sufficiently
alleviated by traditional analgesics. More safe and effective therapy was urgent needed …

As an important enzyme for gluconeogenesis, mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate
carboxykinase (PCK2) has further complex functions beyond regulation of glucose …

Background and objectives AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator drugs decrease
hypersensitivity in mice with pain. This study examines if postsurgery treatment with the …

Background and objectives Intervertebral disc herniation is one of the common causes of
low back pain. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator …

BACKGROUND: Disk herniation is a primary cause of radicular back pain. The purpose of
this study was to evaluate the antiallodynic effective dose in 50% of the sample (ED 50) and …