The composition of the gut microbiota and excessive ingestion of high‐fat diets (HFD) are
considered to be important factors for development of obesity. In this review we describe a …

A single layer of epithelial cells lines the small and large intestines and functions as a barrier
between commensal bacteria and the rest of the body. Ligation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) …

Systemic and local inflammation in relation to the resident microbiota of the human gastro-
intestinal (GI) tract and administration of probiotics are the main themes of the present …

Over the past decade it has become clear that lactobacilli and other probiotic and
commensal organisms can interact with mucosal immune cells or epithelial cells lining the …

Compelling evidence supports the concepts that gut microbiota actively promotes weight
gain and fat accumulation and sustains, indirectly, a condition of low-grade inflammation …

Recent data suggest that dietary fat promotes intestinal absorption of lipopolysaccharides
(LPS) from the gut microflora, which might contribute to various inflammatory disorders. The …

The NOD (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain) proteins NOD1 and NOD2 have
important roles in innate immunity as sensors of microbial components derived from …

The gut is able to maintain tolerance to microbial and food antigens. The intestine minimizes
the number of harmful bacteria by shaping the microbiota through a symbiotic relationship …

Chronic intestinal inflammation, as seen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), results from
an aberrant and poorly understood mucosal immune response to the microbiota of the …

Background & Aims: Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for colon cancer in patients with
ulcerative colitis (UC). The molecular mechanisms linking inflammation and colon …