HIV-1 employs a rich arsenal of viral factors throughout its life cycle and co-opts intracellular
trafficking pathways. This exquisitely coordinated process requires precise manipulation of …

Abstract mRNAs carry the genetic information that is translated by ribosomes. The traditional
view of a mature eukaryotic mRNA is a molecule with three main regions, the 5′ UTR, the …

Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) are an interferon (IFN)-inducible subfamily of guanosine
triphosphatases (GTPases) with well-established activity against intracellular bacteria and …

During antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) persists
as a latent reservoir in CD4+ T cell subsets in central memory (TCM), transitional memory …

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is known to interact with multiple host cellular
proteins during its replication in the target cell. While many of these host cellular proteins …

Viruses and transposable elements are major drivers of evolution and make up over half the
sequences in the human genome. In some cases, these elements are co-opted to perform …

HIV-1 Rev is an~ 13 kD accessory protein expressed during the early stage of virus
replication. After translation, Rev enters the nucleus and binds the Rev response element …

Peptides generated by proteasome-catalyzed splicing of noncontiguous amino acid
sequences have been shown to constitute a source of nontemplated human leukocyte …

Studies have demonstrated that intensive ART alone is not capable of eradicating HIV-1, as
the virus rebounds within a few weeks upon treatment interruption. Viral rebound may be …

The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is an essential structural component of the virus,
serving as the receptor-binding protein and principal neutralizing determinant. Env trimers …