Saponins are widely distributed plant natural products with vast structural and functional
diversity. They are typically composed of a hydrophobic aglycone, which is extensively …

Microbial pathogens attack every plant tissue, including leaves, roots, shoots, and flowers
during all growth stages. Thus, they cause several diseases resulting in a plant's failure or …

Withania somnifera produces pharmacologically important triterpenoid withanolides that are
derived via phytosterol pathway; however, their biosynthesis and regulation remain to be …

Salinity is a deleterious factor that hinders plant production across the globe. Salinity
reduces irrigation water quality. Plant tolerance to salinity stress requires sophisticated …

Steroidal saponins are an important type of plant-specific metabolite that are essential for
plants' responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Because of their extensive pharmacological …

Plant secondary metabolism evolved in the context of highly organized and differentiated
cells and tissues, featuring massive chemical complexity operating under tight …

UV-C light, notably under the forms of either short duration illuminations supplied by mercury
vapour lamps or LEDs, or flashes of pulsed light supplied by xenon lamps, can be at the …

Saponins are specialized plant terpenoids derived from the mevalonic acid pathway.
Triterpenoid saponin cores are decorated with sugar residues, conferring a highly …

Triterpenoids are important, pharmacologically active substances in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba
Mill.), and play an important role in the plant's resistance to abiotic stress. However …

Ocimum basilicum L. contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids,
phenolics, and terpenoids, which are valuable metabolites for the food, cosmetic and …