This paper examines whether financial institutions discriminate against entrepreneurs on the
basis of gender. Using the cross-country Business Environment and Enterprise Performance …

I present a model that analyzes the coexistence of formal and informal finance in
underdeveloped credit markets. Formal banks have access to unlimited funds but are …

Using cross-national panel data, we examine the evolution of the informal economy through
the course of economic development. Borrowing from previously published informal …

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between banking
development and the size of shadow economies by employing data on 137 countries over …

This paper investigates the consequences of willful tax noncompliance in the US corporate
sector on the business cycle when financial frictions operate. In this setting, we simulate a …

We investigate whether corruption impedes firm growth by limiting access to bank credit. Our
estimates demonstrate that access to credit tightens when a firm is more frequently involved …

Shadow economy (SE) represents a complex phenomenon, which is having undoubtedly
many negative sides and undesirable implications upon economy and society, but might …

This paper examines the determinants of Micro and Small and Enterprises (MSEs) access to
credit in Ethiopia using detailed firm‐level data collected in 2003. Its basic purpose is to …

In the past, the question whether formalization and internal control systems can be
employed by firms as anti-corruption measures has received little attention. Based on a …

La plupart des pays en développement sont caractérisés par la présence d'un large secteur
informel. Son importance a engendré une littérature conséquente en économie du …