Drugs of abuse cause persistent alterations in synaptic plasticity that may underlie addiction
behaviors. Evidence suggests glial cells have an essential and underappreciated role in the …

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined by classic psychological manifestations,
although among the characteristics are significantly increased rates of serious somatic …

Background Persistent inflammation dysregulation and cognitive decline have been
associated with several trauma-and stress-related disorders such as posttraumatic stress …

A wealth of data has been amassed that details a complex, yet accessible, series of
pathways by which the immune system, notably inflammation, can influence the brain and …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a well-known mental illness, which is caused by
various stressors, including memories of past physical assaults and psychological pressure …

Light is an important component in poultry production, and it may impact bird behavior, an
important component of animal welfare. Light-emitting diode (LED) lamps are of interest for …

Abstract In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), fear and anxiety become dysregulated
following psychologically traumatic events. Regulation of fear and anxiety involves both high …

Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit an increased state of
inflammation. Various animal models for PTSD have shown some of the same immune …

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a trauma-induced mental disorder characterized by
fear extinction abnormalities, which involve biological dysfunctions among fear circuit areas …

This paper is the thirty-ninth consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2016 …