Despite continuous therapeutic progress, cancer remains an often fatal disease. In the early
2010s, first evidence in rodent models suggested promising antitumor action of gas plasma …

More than fifty years after the 3Rs definition and despite the continuous implementation of
regulatory measures, animals continue to be widely used in basic research. Their use …

Cell-to-cell communication is fundamental to multicellular organisms and unicellular
organisms living in a microbiome. It is thought to have evolved as a stress-or quorum …

Mitochondria are a main source of cellular energy. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is
the major process of aerobic respiration. Enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain …

Oligodendrocytes (ODCs) are myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS)
supporting neuronal survival. Oxidants and mitochondrial dysfunction have been suggested …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role as signaling molecules in both plant and
animal cells, enabling rapid responses to various stimuli. Among the many cellular …

Background Plant growth and development are severely affected by soil salinity. This study
was carried out to evaluate the interaction of foliar application of antioxidants (β-carotene …

Abstract Paracrine superoxide (O 2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) signaling critically
depends on these substances' concentrations, half-lives and transport ranges in …

Significant health risks are posed by meningitis due to its rapid progression, and challenges
are encountered in intravenous antibiotic administration, especially in crossing the blood …

As an important member of reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) plays a
key role in oxidative stress and cell signaling. Abnormal levels of H 2 O 2 in lysosomes can …