The ocean holds vast quantities of carbon that it continually exchanges with the atmosphere
through the air-sea interface. Because of its enormous size and relatively rapid exchange of …

Nitrogen (N) is used in many of life's fundamental biomolecules, and it is also a participant in
environmental redox chemistry. Biogeochemical processes control the amount and form of N …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

The circulation of the Southern Ocean connects ocean basins, links the deep and shallow
layers of the ocean, and has a strong influence on global ocean circulation, climate …

The ocean is the largest sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2), having absorbed
roughly 40 per cent of CO2 emissions since the beginning of the industrial era,. Recent data …

This contribution to the RECCAP2 (REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes)
assessment analyzes the processes that determine the global ocean carbon sink, and its …

Climate change projections to the year 2100 may miss physical-biogeochemical feedbacks
that emerge later from the cumulative effects of climate warming. In a coupled climate …

Abstract The Weddell Gyre (WG) is one of the main oceanographic features of the Southern
Ocean south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current which plays an influential role in global …

Abstract Current Earth system models (ESMs) project dramatic slowing (28–42% by 2100) of
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and Southern Meridional Overturning Circulation …

Ocean ventilation is the transfer of tracers and young water from the surface down into the
ocean interior. The tracers that can be transported to depth include anthropogenic heat and …