Background Adequate maternal thyroid function is important for an uncomplicated
pregnancy. Although multiple observational studies have evaluated the association between …

Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus are closely linked. Several studies have
documented the increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus …

Background: Thyroid disease in pregnancy is a common clinical problem. Since the
guidelines for the management of these disorders by the American Thyroid Association …

Adequate thyroid hormone availability is important for an uncomplicated pregnancy and
optimal fetal growth and development. Overt thyroid disease is associated with a wide range …

This guideline has been produced as the official statement of the European Thyroid
Association guideline committee. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in pregnancy is defined …

Background: To help inform decision making in the clinical setting, we carried out a
systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the association of thyroid disease risks with …

Women have a higher incidence and prevalence of autoimmune diseases than men, and
85% or more patients of multiple autoimmune diseases are female. Women undergo …

Background: The reported prevalence of thyroid disease in pregnancy varies widely through
the published literature. These discrepancies are due to differences in criteria for …

Background Despite some studies indicating that thyroid antibody positivity during
pregnancy has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, evidence regarding the …

Background Adequate transplacental passage of maternal thyroid hormone is important for
normal fetal growth and development. Maternal overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism …