The goal of limb lengthening is to restore length to bone, safely stretch soft tissues and
improve quality of life with minimal complications. Traditionally this was achieved with the …

Proximal focal femoral deficiency is a congenital transverse deficiency in which the femur is
globally smaller with a typical proximal deformity at the hip that may include distal …

Fibular hemimelia (FH) presents with foot and ankle deformity and leg length discrepancy.
Many historic reconstructions have resulted in poor outcomes. This report reviews modern …

Background: Limb lengthening by distraction osteogenesis can be performed with motorized
internal devices, but intramedullary implants risk avascular necrosis of the femoral head in …

The last years brought many advances relevant to lower limb reconstruction. It feels like
guided growth has been looked at from every angle, and still there are new emerging …

Background: Lengthening of long bones by distraction osteogenesis is now possible using
intramedullary lengthening nails. Constraints of bone size, medullary canal obstruction, and …

The aim of this study is to evaluate the course of the treatment and clinical and functional
outcomes of femur lengthening in adolescents with congenital disorders by the application …

Background Total hip arthroplasty (THA) for dislocated hips (Crowe IV dysplasia) presents
unique challenges. Conventional approaches involve subtrochanteric osteotomies, but are …

Limb length discrepancies (LLD) are quite frequent, especially in lower limbs. The evolution
of the available devices and the refinement of the techniques for correcting the differences in …

Extramedullary implantable limb lengthening (EMILL) uses an implantable nail attached to
the bone like and internal-external fixator. Cantilever forces can be neutralized by inserting a …