Glaciers distinct from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are currently losing mass
rapidly with direct and severe impacts on the habitability of some regions on Earth as glacier …

The ratio of carbon assimilation to water evapotranspiration (ET) of an ecosystem, referred to
as ecosystem water use efficiency (WUEeco), is widely expected to increase because of the …

High-latitude and altitude cold regions are affected by climate warming and permafrost
degradation. One of the major concerns associated with degrading permafrost is thaw …

Understanding elevation changes on the Tibetan Plateau is crucial to comprehend the
changes in topography, landscape, climate, environmental conditions, and water resources …

As the 'Third Pole'of the world, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is also known as the Asian Water
Tower. The glaciers covering its surface can reflect changes in the global climate and …

The new generation of satellite-borne laser radar Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2
(ICESat-2) data has been successfully used for ground information acquisition. However …

The permafrost–fire–climate system has been a hotspot in research for decades under a
warming climate scenario. Surface vegetation plays a dominant role in protecting permafrost …

The traditional altimetry satellites based on pulse-limited radar altimeter only calculate along-
track deflection of the vertical (DOV), which results in poorer precision of the prime vertical …

The Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) has great potential for
development due to its advantages of the use of multiple beams, low energy consumption …

The Earth's surface is a complex landscape that is essential for a wide range of applications,
from urban planning to environmental monitoring. Digital models of the Earth's surface are …