The concerted action of extracellular signals such as BMP, Wnt, FGF, RA and Notch activate
a genetic program required to transform a naïve ectodermal cell into a neural crest cell. In …

The KCTD family includes tetramerization (T1) domain containing proteins with diverse
biological effects. We identified a novel member of the KCTD family, BTBD10. A …

Amplification of the MYCN oncogene in childhood neuroblastoma is often accompanied by
mutational activation of ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase), suggesting their pathogenic …

Understanding how developmental systems evolve after genome amplification is important
for discerning the origins of vertebrate novelties, including neural crest, placodes, cartilage …

The vertebrate neural crest migrates from its origin, the neural plate border, to form diverse
derivatives. We previously hypothesized that a neural crest gene regulatory network (NC …

Despite the importance of tendons and ligaments for transmitting movement and providing
stability to the musculoskeletal system, their development is considerably less well …

In developing melanocytes and in melanoma cells, multiple paralogs of the Activating-
enhancer-binding Protein 2 family of transcription factors (TFAP2) contribute to expression of …

A knockdown study suggested that transcription factor AP-2 alpha (Tfap2a) is required for
neural crest induction in frog embryos. However, because Tfap2a is expressed in neural …

foxd3 encodes a winged helix/forkhead class transcription factor expressed in the
premigratory neural crest cells of many vertebrates. We have investigated the function of this …

Mutations in the gene encoding transcription factor TFAP2A result in pigmentation
anomalies in model organisms and premature hair graying in humans. However, the …