Magnetic skyrmions are topologically stable nanoscale particlelike objects that were
discovered in 2009. Since that time, intense research interest in the field has led to the …

We review the depinning and nonequilibrium phases of collectively interacting particle
systems driven over random or periodic substrates. This type of system is relevant to vortices …

The phase transition most commonly observed is probably melting, a transition from ordered
crystalline solids to disordered isotropic liquids. In three dimensions, melting is a single, first …

Control and understanding of ensembles of skyrmions is important for realization of future
technologies. In particular, the order-disorder transition associated with the 2D lattice of …

The main aspects of the theory of phase transitions in two-dimensional degenerate systems
(Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless, or BKT, transitions) are reviewed in detail, including the …

Novel physical properties appear when the size of a superconductor is reduced to the
nanoscale, in the range of its superconducting coherence length (ξ0). Such …

In addition to enhancing confinement, restricting optical systems to two dimensions gives
rise to new photonic states, modified transport and distinct nonlinear effects. Here we …

Magnetic skyrmions are promising candidates as information carriers in logic or storage
devices thanks to their robustness, guaranteed by the topological protection, and their …

In this contribution, we compare the performance of Focused Electron Beam-induced
Deposition (FEBID) and Focused Ion Beam-induced Deposition (FIBID) at room temperature …

The hexatic fluid refers to a phase in between a solid and a liquid that has short-range
positional order but quasi-long-range orientational order. In the celebrated theory of …