Contractile injection systems (CISs) are phage tail-related structures that are encoded in
many bacterial genomes. These devices encompass the cell-based type VI secretion …

Endosymbiotic bacteria have evolved intricate delivery systems that enable these organisms
to interface with host biology. One example, the extracellular contractile injection systems …

The rapid evolution of gene editing technology has markedly improved the outlook for
treating genetic diseases. Base editing, recognized as an exceptionally precise genetic …

Extracellular contractile injection systems (eCISs) are widespread bacterial nanomachines
that resemble T4 phage tail. As a typical eCIS, Photorhabdus virulence cassette (PVC) was …

Secretion systems play a crucial role in microbe-microbe or host-microbe interactions.
Among these systems, the extracellular contractile injection system (eCIS) is a unique …

Soil microbiomes continue to evolve and shape the human microbiota according to external
anthropogenic and climate change effects. Ancient microbes are being exposed as a result …

Background Nematodes of the genus Steinernema and their Xenorhabdus bacterial
symbionts are lethal entomopathogens that are useful in the biocontrol of insect pests, as …

The Photorhabdus virulence cassette (PVC) is an extracellular contractile injection system.
In the producing bacterium, N-terminal signal peptides enable effector 'payloads' to be …

Recent research into membrane interactions has uncovered a diverse range of therapeutic
opportunities through the bioengineering of human and non-human macromolecules …

Mix-and-match tools for protein injection into cells Skip to main content Thank you for visiting
nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best …