Regulatory T (Treg) cells represent a distinct lineage of cells of the adaptive immune system
indispensable for forestalling fatal autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies. The role of …

Epidemiological surveys indicate that the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is
increasing rapidly with the continuous growth of the economy. A large number of studies …

Microbial colonization of the mammalian intestine elicits inflammatory or tolerogenic T cell
responses, but the mechanisms controlling these distinct outcomes remain poorly …

The interplay between the commensal microbiota and the mammalian immune system
development and function includes multifold interactions in homeostasis and disease. The …

Prenatal and early postnatal life represent key periods of immune system development. In
addition to genetics and host biology, environment has a large and irreversible role in the …

T lymphocytes, the major effector cells in cellular immunity, produce cytokines in immune
responses to mediate inflammation and regulate other types of immune cells. Work in the …

Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research on IBDs has identified disrupted
immune responses in the gastrointestinal mucosa and putative disruptions in the gut …

The metabolic pathways encoded by the human gut microbiome constantly interact with host
gene products through numerous bioactive molecules. Primary bile acids (BAs) are …

The mammalian intestine is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that have co-evolved
with the host in a symbiotic relationship. The presence of large numbers of symbionts near …

Intestinal health relies on the immunosuppressive activity of CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells.
Expression of the transcription factor Foxp3 defines this lineage, and can be induced …