The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has now been universally
acknowledged as a significant breakthrough in tumor therapy after the targeted treatment of …

Cancer immunotherapy is a kind of therapy that can control and eliminate tumors by
restarting and maintaining the tumor-immune cycle and restoring the body's normal anti …

Abstract Introduction In CheckMate 227, nivolumab plus ipilimumab prolonged overall
survival (OS) versus chemotherapy in patients with tumor programmed death-ligand 1 (PD …

Background Anti-programmed cell death protein (death-ligand) 1 [PD-(L) 1] therapy alone
[cancer immunotherapy (CIT)-mono] or combined with platinum-based chemotherapy (CIT …

CD4+ T-cell immunity helps clonal proliferation, migration, and cancer cell killing activity of
CD8+ T cells and is essential in antitumor immune responses. To identify CD4+ T-cell …

Lung cancer remains among the most difficult-to-treat malignancies and is the leading cause
of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The introduction of targeted therapies and checkpoint …

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), expressed on the surface of tumor cells, can bind to
programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) on T cells. The interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 can inhibit T …

The rapid development of molecular targeted therapy brings hope to patients with advanced
non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, drug resistance inevitably occurs during …

Abstract Background In CheckMate 9LA (NCT03215706), first-line nivolumab plus
ipilimumab with chemotherapy (2 cycles) significantly improved overall survival versus …

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite treatment
consisting of surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy …