The applications of hydrogels have expanded significantly due to their versatile, highly
tunable properties and breakthroughs in biomaterial technologies. In this review, we cover …

The bone matrix plays an indispensable role in the human body, and its unique
biomechanical and mechanobiological properties have received much attention. The bone …

Since the proposal of Paul Ehrlich's magic bullet concept over 100 years ago, tremendous
advances have occurred in targeted therapy. From the initial selective antibody, antitoxin to …

Integrins have been the research focus of cell-extracellular matrix adhesion (ECM) and
cytokine receptor signal transduction. They are involved in the regulation of bone …

Engineered small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are used as tools to enhance therapeutic
efficacy. However, such application of sEVs is associated with several issues, including high …

Shifting microglia/macrophages to M2 anti‐inflammatory phenotype is considered a pivotal
therapeutic target for spinal cord injury (SCI). Keratin extracted from human hair exhibits anti …

Osteoclasts ubiquitously participate in bone homeostasis, and their aberration leads to bone
diseases, such as osteoporosis. Current clinical strategies by biochemical signaling …

Bone homeostasis is a dynamic equilibrium between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-
resorbing osteoclasts. This process is primarily controlled by the most abundant and …

Physical mechanical stimulation can maintain and even increase bone mass. Here, we
report an important role of osteocytic integrin α5 in regulating the anabolic response of bone …

In the process of mechanotransduction, the cells in the body perceive and interpret
mechanical stimuli to maintain tissue homeostasis and respond to the environmental …