A century-long debate on bodily states and emotions persists. While the involvement of
bodily activity in emotion physiology is widely recognized, the specificity and causal role of …

Electromagnetic field oscillations produced by the brain are increasingly being viewed as
causal drivers of consciousness. Recent research has highlighted the importance of the …

In this Outlook paper, we explain why an accurate physiological interpretation of functional
near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) neuroimaging signals is facilitated when systemic …

Background The choice of EEG reference has been widely studied. However, the choice of
the most appropriate re-referencing for EEG data is still debated. Moreover, the role of EEG …

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a progressive and complex syndrome resulted from
ventricular dysfunction, which is difficult to detect at early stages. Heart rate variability (HRV) …

The relevance of interactions between autonomic and central nervous systems remains
unclear for human brain function and health, particularly when both systems are challenged …

Background Mindfulness-based interventions have proven efficacy in treating posttraumatic
stress disorder (PTSD), but the neurobiological mechanism underlying the therapeutic …

Brain neurons support arousal and cognitive activity in the form of spectral transient bursts
and cooperate with the peripheral nervous system to adapt to the surrounding environment …

A depersonalization episode occurred unexpectedly during an electroencephalogram (EEG)
recording for a study. Experience reports tracked the time course of this event and, in …

The heart and brain are reciprocally interconnected and engage in two-way communication
for homeostatic regulation. Epilepsy is considered a network disease that also affects the …