Abstract The three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTs) model is
becoming an essential tool in cancer research as it expresses an intermediate complexity …

Soon after they were first described in 1990, aptamers were largely recognized as a new
class of biological ligands that can rival antibodies in various analytical, diagnostic, and …

This review discusses different forms of nanomaterials generated from chitosan and its
derivatives for controlled drug delivery. Nanomaterials are drug carriers with multiple …

Exosomes hold great potential for cancer treatment to deliver therapeutics due to its inherent
low immunogenicity. Exosomes are biocompatible cell-exocytosed secreted vesicles by …

Conventional chemotherapy lacking target selectivity often leads to severe side effects,
limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Therefore, drug delivery systems ensuring both …

Nowadays, cancer is one of the most prominent issues related to human health since it
causes more than one-tenth of death cases throughout the world. On the other hand, routine …

Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) are well recognized as an ideal drug
delivery carrier for their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In order to overcome the …

Using nanoparticles to carry and delivery anticancer drugs holds much promise in cancer
therapy, but nanoparticles per se are lacking specificity. Active targeting, that is, using …

Among polysaccharides of environmental and economic interest, chitosan (CS) is receiving
much attention, particularly in the food and biotechnology industries to encapsulate active …

DNA encodes the genetic information; recently, it has also become a key player in material
science. Given the specific Watson–Crick base‐pairing interactions between only four types …