Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a simple phospholipid observed in most organisms. PA acts as a
key metabolic intermediate and a second messenger that regulates many cell activities. In …

Plants are subject to different types of stress, which consequently affect their growth and
development. They have developed mechanisms for recognizing and processing an …

Flagellin perception is a keystone of pattern-triggered immunity in plants. The recognition of
this protein by a plasma membrane (PM) receptor complex is the beginning of a signaling …

Abstract Ultraviolet B light (UV-B, 280–315 nm) is the shortest wavelength of the solar
spectrum reaching the surface of the Earth. It has profound effects on plants, ranging from …

It is well established that cold acclimation processes are highly influenced, apart from cold
ambient temperatures, by light-dependent environmental factors. In this study we …

Plants are sessile organisms suffering severe environmental conditions. Drought stress is
one of the major environmental issues that affect plant growth and productivity. Although …

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule involved in plant defense. While many
proteins play essential roles in SA signaling, increasing evidence shows that responses to …

Chemical elicitors in plants during cultivation have been applied in soil, hydroponic
solutions, or sprayed on the leaves to induce physiological changes and stimulate the …

Cryptogein is a 10 kDa protein secreted by the oomycete Phytophthora cryptogea that
activates defence mechanisms in tobacco plants. Among early signalling events triggered by …

Background and Objectives: water limitation is often the most important preventive factor in
spring rapeseed in semi-arid Mediterranean regions. The use of nutrient nanoparticles and …