Many polarisation techniques have been harnessed for decades in biological and clinical
research, each based upon measurement of the vectorial properties of light or the vectorial …

Polarization, the path traced by light's electric field vector, appears in all areas of optics. In
recent decades, various technologies have enabled the precise control of light's polarization …

INTRODUCTION Polarization describes the path along which light's electric field vector
oscillates. An essential quality of electromagnetic radiation, polarization is often omitted in its …

High-speed polarization management is highly desirable for many applications, such as
remote sensing, telecommunication, and medical diagnosis. However, most of the …

The vector characteristics of light and the vectorial transformations during its transmission
lay a foundation for polarized photodetection of objects, which broadens the applications of …

The ability to detect the full-Stokes polarization of light is vital for a variety of applications that
often require complex and bulky optical systems. Here, we report an on-chip polarimeter …

We comprehensively review the quantum theory of the polarization properties of light. In
classical optics, these traits are characterized by the Stokes parameters, which can be …

Ellipsometry techniques allow to measure polarization information of materials, requiring
precise rotations of optical components with different configurations of lights and sensors …

The constituent elements of metasurfaces may be designed with explicit polarization
dependence, making metasurfaces a fascinating platform for new polarization optics. In this …

Mueller matrix ellipsometry (MME) provides the 4× 4 Mueller matrix of a sample under test,
which determines how the state of polarization is changed as light interacts with the sample …