Beads on a string—nucleosome array arrangements and folding of the chromatin fiber

S Baldi, P Korber, PB Becker - Nature structural & molecular biology, 2020 - nature.com
Understanding how the genome is structurally organized as chromatin is essential for
understanding its function. Here, we review recent developments that allowed the …

[HTML][HTML] Fluid-like chromatin: Toward understanding the real chromatin organization present in the cell

K Maeshima, S Tamura, JC Hansen, Y Itoh - Current opinion in cell biology, 2020 - Elsevier
Eukaryotic chromatin is a negatively charged polymer consisting of genomic DNA, histones,
and various nonhistone proteins. Because of its highly charged character, the structure of …

[HTML][HTML] In vitro reconstitution of chromatin domains shows a role for nucleosome positioning in 3D genome organization

E Oberbeckmann, K Quililan, P Cramer… - Nature Genetics, 2024 - nature.com
Eukaryotic genomes are organized into chromatin domains. The molecular mechanisms
driving the formation of these domains are difficult to dissect in vivo and remain poorly …

[HTML][HTML] Ultrastructural details of mammalian chromosome architecture

N Krietenstein, S Abraham, SV Venev, N Abdennur… - Molecular cell, 2020 - cell.com
Over the past decade, 3C-related methods have provided remarkable insights into
chromosome folding in vivo. To overcome the limited resolution of prior studies, we extend a …

[HTML][HTML] Nucleosome plasticity is a critical element of chromatin liquid–liquid phase separation and multivalent nucleosome interactions

SE Farr, EJ Woods, JA Joseph, A Garaizar… - Nature …, 2021 - nature.com
Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is an important mechanism that helps explain the
membraneless compartmentalization of the nucleus. Because chromatin compaction and …

[HTML][HTML] Histone dynamics mediate DNA unwrapping and sliding in nucleosomes

GA Armeev, AS Kniazeva, GA Komarova… - Nature …, 2021 - nature.com
Nucleosomes are elementary building blocks of chromatin in eukaryotes. They tightly
wrap∼ 147 DNA base pairs around an octamer of histone proteins. How nucleosome …

[HTML][HTML] Chromosome organization by one-sided and two-sided loop extrusion

EJ Banigan, AA van den Berg, HB Brandão, JF Marko… - Elife, 2020 - elifesciences.org
SMC complexes, such as condensin or cohesin, organize chromatin throughout the cell
cycle by a process known as loop extrusion. SMC complexes reel in DNA, extruding and …

[HTML][HTML] Cohesin residency determines chromatin loop patterns

L Costantino, THS Hsieh, R Lamothe, X Darzacq… - Elife, 2020 - elifesciences.org
The organization of chromatin into higher order structures is essential for chromosome
segregation, the repair of DNA-damage, and the regulation of gene expression. Using Micro …

[HTML][HTML] Multiscale modeling of genome organization with maximum entropy optimization

X Lin, Y Qi, AP Latham, B Zhang - The Journal of chemical physics, 2021 - pubs.aip.org
ABSTRACT Three-dimensional (3D) organization of the human genome plays an essential
role in all DNA-templated processes, including gene transcription, gene regulation, and …

Physical nature of chromatin in the nucleus

K Maeshima, S Iida, S Tamura - Cold Spring Harbor …, 2021 - cshperspectives.cshlp.org
Genomic information is encoded on long strands of DNA, which are folded into chromatin
and stored in a tiny nucleus. Nuclear chromatin is a negatively charged polymer composed …