Ill-health contributes to impoverishment, a process brought into sharper focus by the impact
of the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) …

Untreated sickness among poor people is recorded not only in countries with serious
economic difficulties, but also in those with high and stable economic growth. For example …

This paper presents and compares two threshold approaches to measuring the fairness of
health care payments, one requiring that payments do not exceed a pre‐specified proportion …

Abstract Out‐of‐pocket (OOP) payments are the principal means of financing health care
throughout much of Asia. We estimate the magnitude and distribution of OOP payments for …

Why does poverty persist? A critical, but so far ignored, part of the answer lies in the fact that
poverty is regularly created. Large numbers of people are escaping poverty, but large …

We estimate the distributional incidence of health care financing in 13 Asian territories that
account for 55% of the Asian population. In all territories, higher-income households …

This paper reviews the experience of implementing user fees in Africa. It describes the two
main approaches to implementing user fees that have been applied in African countries, the …

There is considerable evidence that unofficial payments are deeply embedded in the
markets for health care in transition countries. Numerous surveys indicate that these …

Although the distance factor has been identified as key in the utilization of health services in
rural areas of developing countries, it has been analysed without recourse to related factors …

Many low-and middle-income countries continue to search for better ways of financing their
health systems. Common to many of these systems are problems of inadequate resource …