Transdermal drug delivery using microneedles is increasingly gaining interest due to the
issues associated with oral drug delivery routes. Gastrointestinal route exposes the drug to …

Octanol-water partition ratio is the most common way of expressing the lipophilicity of a
compound, and it is defined as the ratio of the concentration of a solute in a water-saturated …

Chronic skin exposure to external hostile agents (eg, UV radiation, microorganisms, and
oxidizing chemicals) may increase oxidative stress, causing skin damage and aging …

We describe and illustrate a workflow for chemical safety assessment that completely avoids
animal testing. The workflow, which was developed within the SEURAT-1 initiative, is …

Cosmetic products need to have a proven efficacy combined with a comprehensive
toxicological assessment. Before the current Cosmetic regulation N° 1223/2009, the 7th …

In silico tools and resources are now used commonly in toxicology and to support the “Next
Generation Risk Assessment”(NGRA) of cosmetics ingredients or materials. This review …

A freely accessible database has recently been released that provides measurements
available in the literature on human skin permeation data, known as the 'Human Skin …

The cutaneous delivery route currently accounts for almost 10% of all administered drugs
and it is becoming more common. Chemical penetration enhancers (CPEs) increase the …

The skin is the main barrier between the internal body environment and the external one.
The characteristics of this barrier and its properties are able to modify and affect drug …

The present study screened the utility of topically-applied nanoformulations to target the
drugs/actives into the skin reservoir with the reduction of possible systemic absorption. The …