Humans often show variable responses to dietary, prebiotic, and probiotic interventions.
Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota is a key determinant for this population …

Complex systems are challenging to understand, especially when they defy manipulative
experiments for practical or ethical reasons. Several fields have developed parallel …

It is well-known that human gut microbiota form an ecosystem where microbes interact with
each other. Due to complex underlying interactions, some microbes may correlate …

Together with various hosts and environments, ubiquitous microbes interact closely with
each other forming an intertwined system or community. Of interest, shifts of the relationships …

Time-series can provide critical insights into the structure and function of microbial
communities. The analysis of temporal data warrants statistical considerations, distinct from …

In the past decade of microbiome research, we have learned about numerous adverse
interactions between the microbiome and medical interventions such as drugs, radiation …

High throughput technological innovations in the past decade have accelerated research
into the trillions of commensal microbes in the gut. The 'omics' technologies used for …

Identifying directed interactions between species from time series of their population
densities has many uses in ecology. This key statistical task is equivalent to causal time …

Over the course of the lifespan of a host, the gut microbiota undergoes evolutionary changes
and is shaped by ecological interactions with the host and other microbial species. In this …

Causal inference in biomedical research allows us to shift the paradigm from investigating
associational relationships to causal ones. Inferring causal relationships can help in …